1 research outputs found
TITLE: Ethnic differences in metabolic achievement between MÄori, Pacific, and European New Zealanders with type 2 diabetes
Aims To compare variations in metabolic target achievement by ethnicity (Europeans, MÄori and Pasifika) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) between 1994-2013. Methods 32,237 patients were enrolled. Adjusted marginal difference (European as reference) of systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), HbA1c and total cholesterol, alongside the proportion achieving metabolic targets were estimated using multivariable mixed effect models at baseline, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-years, adjusted for covariates. Results Compared with Europeans, MÄori and Pasifika had continuously, significantly higher HbA1c (by 0.3% (+3.5mmol/mol) and 0.6% (+6.8 mmol/mol) respectively and BMI (+1.5 and +0.3 kg/m2 respectively) but lower SBP (-1.8 and -3.4 mmHg respectively) and TG (-0.03 and -0.34 mmol/L respectively), and insignificantly TC (+0.004 and +0.01 respectively), by 5-year of follow-up. While 49% Europeans were within target HbA1c, this was achieved by only 30% MÄori and 27% Pasifika. Conversely, 41% Europeans, 46% MÄori and 59% Pasifika achieved the SBP target (all P<0.0001). Conclusions Managing hyperglycemia appears to be more challenging than treating hypertension and dyslipidemia in these ethnic groups. New anti-hyperglycemia treatments, addressing health literacy, socioeconomic and any cultural barriers to management and self-management are urgently needed to reduce these disparities